AI、能源轉型引爆!美銀:2026銅上看12000美元
Date: 2024-06-30
News Type:
繼高盛、花旗後,美銀喊2026年銅每噸上看12,000美元,美銀指出,由於能源轉型、印度需求的增長、以及AI和數據中心建設浪潮的興起,市場對銅的需求正在飆升,到2026年銅供需缺口將達74.3萬噸,銅價也將上漲到每噸12,000美元。
近期銅價呈現強勢上漲,甚至在5月20日達到每噸11,104.5美元的歷史新高,而這一波漲勢主要受到供應短缺以及AI和綠能需求激增的雙重推動。在供應方面,由於日益嚴格的法規和環保審查,使得礦業公司難以擴展產能,加上現有礦山產量下降,進一步加劇了供應緊張,儘管銅的回收利用率有所增加,但仍無法完全滿足需求。在需求方面,隨著AI技術的發展和綠能計畫的推動,如電動車和智慧電網都仰賴銅的導電性能,均需大量使用銅。此外根據標普全球研究,要實現凈零碳排目標,可能需要在2035年前將每年的銅需求量增加一倍,達到5,000萬公噸。在此供需失衡的情況下,銅價因此持續上漲。
銅價上漲會直接導致銅箔基板(CCL)生產成本增加。陸資基板廠建滔已發布漲價通知,漲幅約5~10%,台廠及其他廠商可能跟進,尤其是中低階產品可能先行調漲。由於CCL佔PCB總成本的比例相對較小(約10~20%),即使CCL價格上漲,對PCB廠的毛利率影響可能不顯著。因此,短期內PCB廠可能自行吸收部分成本上升,舊產品難以立即轉嫁成本。對於新產品,PCB廠可能會根據中高階成本上升情況,再與客戶進行議價。然而,如果銅價持續維持上漲趨勢,勢必會導致整體生產成本增加,進而影響PCB廠的利潤水準。
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