台積電先進封裝大躍進 矽光子封裝2025上陣
Date: 2024-05-10
News Type:
台積電在其2024北美技術論壇中揭示最新製程技術,將在核心的CoWoS技術下持續導入系統整合晶片 (SoIC),並於2025年完成矽光子前期的支援小型插拔式連接器的COUPE驗證,再搭配CoWoS封裝成為共同封裝光學元件(Co-Packaged Optics, CPO),完成AI先進封裝的革命性關鍵技術。
矽光子技術(Silicon Photonics)是以光子取代電子在矽晶片上傳遞訊號,將多個光學元件整合成單一光子積體電路(Photonic Integrated Circuit,PIC),並採用光波導元件取代傳統的銅線,作為傳輸光子的通道。根據SEMI國際半導體產業協會的數據,全球矽光子市場的規模預計將從2022年的126億美元成長至2030年的786億美元,年複合成長率為25.7%。隨著AI、HPC市場發展,運算效能日益增長,也推動對高速傳輸的需求,共同封裝光學元件CPO技術應運而生。CPO將光學和電子晶片整合於同一封裝中,藉此縮短元件間的距離,減少光子傳輸的訊號損耗。
半導體廠商正在以先進封測技術來強化矽光子整合,如台積電搭配CoWoS技術將矽光子封裝為CPO,並預計2025年開始量產;Intel投入數年於矽光子技術的研發,採用混合雷射技術提高耦合效率超過90%,並提供全面的矽光解決方案;日月光則透過將ASIC與矽光子整合於同一載板上的2.5D封裝技術,不僅有效減少30%至35%的功耗,同時也支援CPO等應用。另一方面,矽光子的技術發展也影響著PCB設計。當進展到CPO階段,可以預見載板面積將會再擴大以適應矽光子的封裝需求。與此同時,由於元件逐步整合和光模組微型化等趨勢,底部的PCB則將往縮小面積或簡化設計等趨勢發展,整體而言矽光子與CPO的技術發展將能促進PCB產業的高值化進程。
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