銅價未來幾年預期下滑 但長期需求仍受到支撐
Date: 2022-01-26
News Type:
據Mining Weekly(礦業周刊,為國際從事採礦業的重要信息來源)1月5日報導,受到基本面轉弱的影響,預期未來幾年銅價將下跌,平均銅價將從2021年的9,285美元/噸,降至2022年9,200美元/噸,微幅下跌0.9%,預估2023年將再下跌至8,700美元/噸。
國際現貨銅價在2021年5月創下歷史高點後,目前仍維持高檔水平。雖然基本面受到中國的需求放緩以及美國聯準會將開始啟動升息的影響,預期將從高點下滑,但長期的需求會為銅價提供支撐。且甫進2022年,就傳出哈薩克的動亂消息,國際市場擔憂影響銅供應,持續刺激銅價居高不下,銅價難以跌回到2020年每噸5,000美元以下的水平。
長期需求來自於全球淨零碳排的浪潮,將刺激新能源產業的增長,包括電動車、風力發電與太陽能發電等,這些產業都比傳統產業要用到更多的銅。據Mining Weekly報導指出,受到再生能源的產能擴充,預估再生能源的銅需求將從從2021年的190萬噸,增長至2022年的210萬噸,成長10%。
在傳統汽車中,一輛車約使用8~22公斤銅,當轉入到油電混合車或是全電動車時,銅的用量將倍增至38.5~89公斤。而且電動車用的充電樁為因應大功率的輸出,也會用到大量的銅。電動車銷量預估將從2021年的300萬輛成長至2030年的1,500萬輛,隨著電動車漸成主流,屆時銅市場將會再出現供不應求的現象。
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