武漢肺炎恐衝擊全球電路板產業版圖
Date: 2020-02-06
News Type:
TPCA新聞短評
新聞說明
新型冠狀病毒疫情擴散,全球確診已超過7,000病例,病毒傳染發源城市武漢更已封閉人員進出,近年湖北省成為電路板、記憶體、面板的生產新聚落,若有大規模的停工情形發生,恐衝擊電子供應鏈。
影響分析
中國大陸近年雖生產優勢弱化,但目前仍扮演全球電子產品世界工廠角色,尤其台灣電路板產業約有63%產值在中國大陸生產,日本廠商也有近三成產值在中國大陸生產,因此依後續不同的疫情發展情境,對於供應鏈的影響也不儘相同。
假若疫情有效控制的情境下,短期可能仍有部分外地員工無法立即返回工作崗位,廠房工作天數及產能利用率稍有減少,惟應不影響對客戶的整體供貨狀況,但包括仙桃及黃石的缺工情形可能因外省招工更加不易而惡化。長期而言,台灣廠商將更慎重考量生產過度集中於中國大陸的風險,或許將加速布局中國大陸以外生產據點的腳步。
假若疫情無法有效控制,封城管制區域擴大至華東及華南各城市的情境下,短期在避免員工交互集體感染的考量下,中國大陸境內的上下游電子生產線大部分均將停擺,位於南美洲、東南亞的電子生產工廠肩負生產責任,對電路板產業而言,由於日本及韓國廠商海外生產據點較為分散,且在東南亞如泰國、越南…布局已有一段時日,再加上本土產能因應,而台灣僅靠本土產能供應的情況之下,台灣廠商產值市占率將有下滑疑慮。長期而言,台灣將加速中國以外產線布局,而陸資廠商將停止近年來的高速成長態勢,全球電路板產業將重返台、日、韓三強鼎立的局面,陸資廠商則面臨較長時間的重整旗鼓期。
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