陸再取消ECFA逾百產品關稅減讓
Date: 2024-07-10
News Type:
中國大陸國務院關稅稅則委員會於5月底公告第二批中止《海峽兩岸經濟合作框架協議》(ECFA)部分產品關稅減讓清單,公告顯示將在6月15日起,中止134個原產於台灣進口商品的關稅減讓。
本次所取消的項目多集中於共通性之原物料或機械組件,由於PCB製程工序複雜,因此上游供應鏈環節必然無法完全置身於事外。經過初步的盤點,潛在受到影響的項目以原物料為主,依表中所列,包括:銅箔、玻纖、膜類以及膠類的產品,而藉由不同關稅碼所對應的產品出口至中國大陸金額比重的差異,則可以感受到銅箔類、膜類與膠類產品,受到的影響就產值比重的角度理應較大,即便該項產品不全然使用於PCB產業。
取消關稅減讓對於企業的影響長期而言仍在於競爭力的改變,即便最終適用於最惠國稅率,但在最差的情況下,稅率的落差或許仍得靠企業自行吸收,進而影響到利潤。由於台灣未加入RCEP,對於產品在台生產且出口至中國大陸市場的廠商而言,過去在 ECFA 框架之下仍不會有太大的影響,而此次關稅減讓的取消確實會讓此差異開始體現出來,不過實際的影響程度仍然取決於廠商兩岸產能的比重與客戶銷售策略,營收受到衝擊程度無法等同視之。
於此情境下,這些受到影響的廠商若要避免長期訂單的流失,除了可藉由增加中國大陸甚至第三地的產能來因應之外,加大力度開發高階產品進而提升客戶黏著度亦是可行的方向,不過後者有賴於政府於政策面給予支持(如:研發與投資抵減)。134項目雖然僅是早收清單的一部份,即便本次未受到影響,但企業應藉此建立風險意識,提前因應。
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