兩岸PCB供應鏈齊聚泰國 2026全球產值比重可望超過5%
Date: 2024-03-05
News Type:
近年來隨著地緣政治衝突升溫,與新冠疫情引發的斷鏈危機,促使全球重新思考供應鏈韌性的重要,帶動新一輪的生產轉移。根據台灣電路板協會(TPCA)最新統計,2022~2023年期間,就有共29家台商與陸資板廠宣布在東南亞開設新廠,又以泰國達26家為主要目的地,加計原物料與供應鏈,總投資金額超過20億美元。
依TPCA進一步表示,全球電路板(PCB)產業歷經數波轉移,繼中國大陸1990年代改革開放、2001年加入WTO這兩波轉型,吸引全球製造業與電路板(PCB)產業加入。但隨著當地勞動成本增加及紅色供應鏈崛起,自2010年以來,日本和南韓的電路板廠商已逐漸降低在大陸比重,開始擴大對東南亞的投資,成為PCB生產基地的熱門選擇,布局已相當分。
雖然至今台商PCB產業在大陸的人力成本並非最低,惟其便捷的基礎設施、提升的人力素質、龐大內需市場與成熟的經商環境等,仍是目前PCB生產最具優勢的地區,約有62%產值還留在大陸;陸資板廠則幾乎全部集中於大陸境內,所以在台資與陸資板廠規模日益擴大下,在大陸擁有全球過半的PCB製造產能。
這波供應鏈轉移主要受惠於國際客戶驅動,用來分散生產過度集中和貿易不確定性的風險;部分廠商則為爭取新訂單或分散資本的全球布局,成為兩岸PCB供應鏈往東南亞開拓的主要動力來源,生產競爭力正穩步提升。
TPCA指出,過去泰國的PCB產業主要由日本企業與泰商KCE為主,台資PCB僅有泰鼎、敬鵬與競億3家,且主要應用於汽車與電腦周邊相關領域,整體產值規模約30億美元。然而,隨著台灣和大陸廠商大規模進入,泰國的PCB版圖將面臨重大變化。新投資的廠商雖然仍以多層板與HDI產品為主,但其應用範圍已不再限於汽車,更將擴及伺服器等不同應用領域有所突破。(新聞來源:CTIMES)
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